146x Filetype PPT File size 1.30 MB Source: fac.ksu.edu.sa
What is a process? What is a process? A process essay A process essay explains how to do explains how to do something or how something or how something occurs. something occurs. An obvious example An obvious example of process writing is a of process writing is a recipe. recipe. Characteristics of Process Writing Characteristics of Process Writing Strict chronological order Strict chronological order If the steps described are repeated, the same outcome If the steps described are repeated, the same outcome should always be achieved. should always be achieved. Fixed order Fixed order Clarity extremely important Clarity extremely important Transitions essential Transitions essential Two Types of Process Writing Two Types of Process Writing 1. Directional (Gives 1. Directional (Gives Instructions): Instructions): – Enables readers to perform a Enables readers to perform a process. Describes how to process. Describes how to do something. do something. – A recipe, a handout, an A recipe, a handout, an operating manual are operating manual are examples of instruction examples of instruction writing. writing. – Use imperative mood. Use imperative mood. – Subject of sentences is “you” Subject of sentences is “you” understood; speak directly to understood; speak directly to reader. reader. 2. Process Explanation 2. Process Explanation • Purpose is to help reader understand how a process Purpose is to help reader understand how a process is carried out i.e. explains how something happened. is carried out i.e. explains how something happened. st rd • st rd Use either 1 person or 3 person; not second Use either 1 person or 3 person; not second person or imperative mood. person or imperative mood. • May be in present or past tense, depending on May be in present or past tense, depending on whether the writer is explaining a process that takes whether the writer is explaining a process that takes place regularly or one that occurred in the past, and place regularly or one that occurred in the past, and on whether the writer or someone else carried out the on whether the writer or someone else carried out the process. process. First Person Third Person First Person Third Person “After I place the chemicals in “After photographers place the Present “After I place the chemicals in “After photographers place the Present the tray, I turn out the lights in chemicals in the tray, they turn the tray, I turn out the lights in chemicals in the tray, they turn Tense the darkroom.” out the lights in the darkroom.” Tense the darkroom.” out the lights in the darkroom.” (habitual process performed (habitual process performed by (habitual process performed (habitual process performed by by the writer) someone other than the writer) by the writer) someone other than the writer) “After I placed the chemicals “After the photographer placed Past “After I placed the chemicals “After the photographer placed Past in the tray, I turned out the the chemicals in the tray, she in the tray, I turned out the the chemicals in the tray, she Tense lights in the darkroom.” turned out the lights in the Tense lights in the darkroom.” turned out the lights in the darkroom.” (process performed in the darkroom.” (process performed in the past by the writer) (process performed in the past past by the writer) (process performed in the past by someone other than the by someone other than the writer) writer)
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