168x Filetype PPT File size 0.26 MB Source: www.sjctni.edu
Eqyptian Calendar Followed Solar Calendar consisting of 12 thirty-day months plus 5 lucky days. (12x30=360 + Lucky days 5 = 365 days) Roman Calendar Roman Calendar 12 lunar months have (6x29) + (6x30) = 354 days Tropical or solar year is about 365.25 days Julian Calendar (adopted officially in 44 BC He assigned Sosigenes, Greek Astronomer to reform Roman calendar and to design new calender. 12 approximately equal months (average of 30.5 days) Lunar months banned. Based on Tropical year 12 month total 365 days. A leap year of 366 days every 4 years Julian year is exactly 365days, 6 hours oo minits oo seconds but Tropical year is 365 days 5 h 48m 46 s. Julian Year is 11 m 14 s longer than the Tropical year. adopted officially in 44 BC. Followed till 1582 A.D in the West. Roman Number System Roman Number System Number system was invented in ancient Rome which known as Roman Number System. Roman numerals are written as combinations of seven letters I = 1 V = 5 X = 10 L = 50C=100 D = 500 M = 1000 letter can be written as Capital (XVI) or lower-case letters (xvi) 11 = 10 + 1 = XI 9 = 10-1 = IX VIII - 5 +3 = 8 XIX = 10 + 9 = 19 IX = 10-1 = 9 th This system was followed in Europe in the 12 century until the introduction of the Hindu Arabic Number system. Medical Science Borrowed from Greeks but formulated it well and applied to public hygiene. Cornelius Celsus, famous Medical writer who lived in 30 A.D His main work ‘De Medicina’ . It was the firs complete text book of medicine. He advised to use of compresses to stop bleeding. His works- explained about descriptions of surgical methods (Plastic surgery on nose, lips, ears and operation for cataract) Pliny Pliny Greatest Roman Naturalist Expert in Herbal medicine His main work ‘The Diseases of Women’. He concluded that difficulties in child birth due to the foetus in an abnormal position. Account of Childhood diseases and treatment for genital diseases of women. Regarded Father of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Galen born in Pergamum, old Greek city in 129 A.D Born into a wealthy family, father Nicon was very rich Architect. Nicon wanted Galen to study politics or philosophy but Galen choosen Medicine At the age of 16 Galen started studying Medicine Later he went to Alexandria where he studied Skeletons and examined wounds of Gladiators. He practiced Treatments Based on Hippocrate's theory of Four Humours. Four Humours - Treatments opposite to the illness. Theory of four humours Treats cold using Heat Treats fever using something cold Weak people were given hard physical exercises to Do. Heart is the origin of blood vessels and brain the source of nerves.
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