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Jurnal Aktif, Desember 2011, Volume XVII, Nomor 2
ENVIRONMENTAL MNEMONIC TECHNIQUE TO TEACH
VOCABULARY FOR YOUNG LEARNERS
Endang Kusrini
ABSTRACT
This method used to know the effectiveness of EMT in teaching
vocabulary. The writer conducted an experimental research to find the
effectiveness of EMT in teaching vocabulary. EMT is used as the independent
variable, while translation is as dependent variable. In this research, the target
population or the subject of the research is the fifth grade students of one of
ElementarySchool in South PurwokertoSubdistric. There are some problems
directly faced by the students in learning vocabulary, such as: 1) pronunciation
problems, actually student wants to be able to speak English fluently. Most of
students have problem in their pronunciations. 2) memorizing problems, learners
have some problem on remembering the vocabularies that have been
learned.There are a lot of technique and media which can be used to learn English
especially Environment Mnemonic Technique (EMT). EMT can use to help the
students to memorize the words easily. To incorporate games and activities while
introducing a topic to a classroom can be very motivating as they arouse interest
and concentrate attention while giving the illusion that one is merely playing
games.
Keywords: Environment Mnemonic Technique,vocabulary,
EndangKusrini, SPd. MHum is a lecturer at the Department of English
Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training UMP ( Muhammadiyah
University of Purwokerto) Jl. DukuhWaluh PO Box 202, Purwokerto, Central
Java, Indonesia. She can be reached at: endang_kusrini@yahoo.com.
I. INTRODUCTION possible. Many towns in our country
English has been a major for example, English is taught even
subject in every level of education. It before the children enter the
begins from beginner in Elementary playgroup, They make a small class,
School until University. English has give special treatment for the
become an international language, students under three years old or
more people learn English. Because when they are still in very young
of that important fact has made age. Teaching English to children,
people to learn English as soon as moreover, poses, its own particular
challenges , and imposes even more
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Jurnal Aktif, Desember 2011, Volume XVII, Nomor 2
particular demands on the teachers the students are interested and fun
(Hawanti: 2010). This phenomenon during teaching learning process of
has made Teaching English to Young English.Brown (2010: 110)
Learners, TEYL, become maintains that competition should be
increasingly famous, and some less encouraged and that group
English Departments offer their works may work well in classroom
students Minor subject TEYL of tennagers. Although games are
(Teaching English for Young always suitable to any ages of
Leaners) 4 (two) credits in one or students, tennagers will likely love
two semester. Teaching young doing it especially when they have
learners can be very tricky. A teacher the latest music as the background of
needs to realize the psychological their activities.
changes taking place within this age; English is one of the
therefore, a teacher needs to avoid language to use as a media to express
embarrassment in class because it all the messages. Language aspects
may demotivate them (Harmer, should be considered then to make
1998).Some psycholinguists say that these young audiences how to
one of the factors to be successful in communicate well (Wahyuningsih,
language learning is young age. Titi, 2010). Some students get
There are some explanations difficulties in communicate to other
for better learning at young age. people both oral and written.
First, the brain is more adaptable Vocabulary can also support students
before puberty than after, and that in Speakingwhenthey speak to
acquisition of languages is possible others. In fact, the problem that were
without self-consciousness at an faced by the students is mastery
early age and also because young vocabulary, they lack of vocabulary.
children have more opportunities If the students have lack of
than adults. The children are learning vocabulary they will find some
all the time without having the problem in understanding a text and
worries and responsibility of exploring their ideas. The most
adults.However, learning English as important aspect of vocabulary
a foreign language is not easy teaching for students is to support
especially for beginner learners. them to be independence, so the
Sometimes, the difficulties which are students will be able to expand their
faced by the students in learning vocabulary beyond the end of the
English as a foreign language make lesson. There are some interesting
the students are frustrated. Therefore, technique that can be used for
as English teachers who pay teaching vocabulary.Therefore, as
attention to the students in learning English teachers who pay attention to
English, the teachers need to make the students in learning English, the
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Jurnal Aktif, Desember 2011, Volume XVII, Nomor 2
teachers need to make the students learning vocabulary, such as: 1)
are interested and fun during pronunciation problems, actually
teaching learning process of student wants to be able to speak
English.One of interesting way to English fluently. Most of students
teach English is using appropriate have problem in their pronunciations.
technique and appropriate It needs some practice by hearing the
media.media. There are a lot of western song or speech, or the
technique and media which can be students can control their
used to learn English especially pronunciation through recommended
Environment Mnemonic Technique electronic English dictionary, 2)
(EMT). EMT can use to help the memorizing problems, learners have
students to memorize the words some problem on remembering the
easily. To incorporate games and vocabularies that have been learned.
activities while introducing a topic to Some students have low motivation
a classroom can be very motivating to memorize the vocabulary. Some
as they arouse interest and new vocabularies are difficult to
concentrate attention while giving memorized. In fact, the students lack
the illusion that one is merely of practice using the vocabularies for
playing games. their daily activity or daily
communication. The problems may
II. THEORETICAL not only on the students point of
FRAMEWORK view, but also may from the teacher.
Words are very essential and The teacher use not properly
it will be unsecured if having lack of technique or media to make the
them. Some ways how to learn students easily understand the
vocabulary; are: 1) dictionary, when meaning and the using of the
someone having a trouble catching vocabulary.
the meaning of word, dictionaries Teaching vocabulary using an
can be used effectively, 2) notebook, alternative way, such as a game is
one way to control the learningof recommended. Games are mostly
new words is to keep a new interesting activities in that they
vocabulary notebook, 3) educated involve all the children. The
question, it is not necessary to open activities are such as: activities
dictionary every time meet a strange which are naturallyrepetitive, thus
word, just perhaps something else in maximizing input, frequency of
context be a clue, 4) study words in targetitems without boring the
families, list the item that naturally students, let them to observe
occur together (Lado: 1972) something, then recognizing the
There are some problems vocabularies.Games are simple
directly faced by the students in structured activities which may
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Jurnal Aktif, Desember 2011, Volume XVII, Nomor 2
involve little language but are to make sentences based on the
meaningful for them.In order to get vocabularies.
children involved in the language
class and toensure a natural anxiety- III. RESEARCH
free language learning environment METHODOLOGY
certain techniques could be applied. This research was constructed
One of the best ways ofgetting by using experimental research. This
children drawn in the language class method used to know the
is through funactivities. effectiveness of EMT in teaching
Environmental Mnemonic vocabulary. The sample taken from
Technique (EMT) is a teaching fifth grade of Elementary School in
technique that is quite sophisticated Purwokerto. The Researcd was
and is based on the fact that the basic designed with the quasi experiment.
vocabulary of every language is The writer conducted an
linked to everyday things in the experimental research to find the
environment (Marcella: 2010). effectiveness of EMT in teaching
Students have to define the vocabulary. EMT is used as the
environment, whether it is a school, a independent variable, while
class, a village, a city, library, ect. translation is in control group. In this
Students should start with a place research, the target population or the
they are closed with. Students keep subject of the research is the fifth
a list of vocabulary anywhere they grade students of one of
go, than gradually repeat again and elementaryschool in South
again. Students have to foster to PurwokertoSubdistric. The numbers
memorize words. of population are 100 students from
The steps of teaching 4 different classes, which consisted
vocabulary using EMT are as of 25 students. Thewriter
follows: 1) students read a text that usespurposives sampling technique
contain of the words related to the for taking the sample of the subject
environment of (certain area), 2) research. It is chosen because
students asked to go the environment purposive sampling is the technique
(parking area for example), 3) to decide the sample by some
teacher ask students to bring book reasons to give data maximally. In
and pen, 4) teacher ask the students this case, class VB and VC are
to observe the place and ask them to selected to be investigated. The
write down the words related with students of class VB becomes the
the place, 5) students are allowed to experimental class whereas students
imagine the objects, and 6) students of class VD becomes control class.
asked to memorize the words and try
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