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Physical geology Introduction Pages 1-6 Mark J. Crawford,. Physical geology •is the study of the earth's rocks, minerals, and soils and how they have formed through time. • Internal processes such as plate tectonics and mountain-building have formed these rocks and brought them to the earth's surface . Internal heat and energy are released also through volcanic eruptions. • External processes such as Glaciation, running water, weathering, and erosion have formed the landscapes we see today. Historical Notes • About 2300 years ago, the Greeks, led by the philosopher Aristotle were among the first to try to understand the earth. • During the 1600s and 1700s, scientists believed the earth had been produced by gigantic, sudden, catastrophic events that built mountains, canyons, and oceans.
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