™
             Cambridge IGCSE
     *2004015805*
             COMBINED SCIENCE                                                                                   0653/43
             Paper 4 Theory (Extended)                                                         October/November 2020
                                                                                                      1 hour 15 minutes
             You must answer on the question paper.
             No additional materials are needed.
             INSTRUCTIONS
             ●    Answer all questions.
             ●    Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
             ●    Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
             ●    Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
             ●    Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
             ●    Do not write on any bar codes.
             ●    You may use a calculator.
             ●    You should show all your working and use appropriate units.
             INFORMATION
             ●    The total mark for this paper is 80.
             ●    The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [  ].
             ●    The Periodic Table is printed in the question paper.
                                       This document has 24 pages. Blank pages are indicated.
             DC (LK/CB) 194260/4
             © UCLES 2020                                                                                     [Turn over
                                                 2
         1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows red blood cells and white blood cells.
                         red blood cells                white blood cells
                                              Fig. 1.1
           (i) Describe how the structure of a red blood cell is adapted for transporting oxygen.
                     ...........................................................................................................................................
                     ..................................................................................................................................... [1]
           (ii) State two functions of white blood cells.
                    1  ........................................................................................................................................
                    2  ........................................................................................................................................
          [2]
          (b) Fig. 1.2 is a flowchart to show the circulation of blood in humans.
                                              right side    direction of
                                               of heart      blood flow
                               body tissues                   lungs
                                               left side
                                               of heart
                                              Fig. 1.2
           (i) Explain why the circulation in Fig. 1.2 is described as a double circulation.
                     ...........................................................................................................................................
                     ..................................................................................................................................... [1]
           (ii) Describe two advantages of a double circulation.
                    1  ........................................................................................................................................
                     ...........................................................................................................................................
                    2  ........................................................................................................................................
                     ...........................................................................................................................................
          [2]
         © UCLES 2020                        0653/43/O/N/20
                                                  3
          (c) During exercise, the breathing rate and heart rate increase.
           Describe how these two increases cause an increase in the amount of oxygen reaching the 
                exercising muscles.
                increase in breathing rate  .........................................................................................................
                 ...................................................................................................................................................
                 ...................................................................................................................................................
                increase in heart rate  ................................................................................................................
                 ...................................................................................................................................................
                 ...................................................................................................................................................
          [2]
          (d) Smoking tobacco can cause cancer.
           Name two other diseases caused by smoking tobacco.
                1  ................................................................................................................................................
                2  ................................................................................................................................................
          [2]
                                                                                   [Total: 10]
         © UCLES 2020                        0653/43/O/N/20                       [Turn over
                                                 4
         2  Compounds J, K and L are hydrocarbons.
            The structures of one molecule of compounds J, K and L are shown in Fig. 2.1.
                             J                     K                   L
                       Key:
                             hydrogen
                             carbon
                                              Fig. 2.1
          (a) State which compound, J, K or L, is ethene.
           Explain your answer.
           compound ...........................
                explanation  ...............................................................................................................................
                 ...................................................................................................................................................
                 ............................................................................................................................................. [1]
          (b) Ethene is made by cracking gas oil. 
           (i) Describe what is meant by cracking.
                     ...........................................................................................................................................
                     ..................................................................................................................................... [1] 
           (ii) State one condition required for cracking.
                     ..................................................................................................................................... [1]
         © UCLES 2020                        0653/43/O/N/20