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igcse chemistry study notes unit 3 atoms elements compounds 1 igcse chemistry study notes unit 3 atoms elements compounds unit 3 atoms elements compounds 3 1 atomic structure and the ...

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            IGCSE CHEMISTRY STUDY NOTES                        
      UNIT 3 ATOMS, ELEMENTS & COMPOUNDS 
                                        
              1   IGCSE CHEMISTRY STUDY NOTES                        UNIT 3 ATOMS, ELEMENTS & COMPOUNDS 
                  
                                                           UNIT 3 
                                                                     
                     ATOMS, ELEMENTS & COMPOUNDS 
                                                                     
                  3.1 Atomic structure and the Periodic Table 
                      •  State the relative charges and               CORE                               C 
                          approximate relative masses of 
                          protons, neutrons and 
                          electrons 
                      •  Define proton number (atomic 
                          number) as the number of 
                          protons in the nucleus of an 
                          atom 
                      •  Define nucleon number (mass 
                          number) as the total number 
                          of protons and neutrons in the 
                          nucleus of an atom 
                      •  Use proton number and the 
                          simple structure of atoms to 
                          explain the basis of the 
                          Periodic Table (see section 9), 
                          with special reference to the 
                          elements of proton number 1 
                          to 20 
                      •  Define isotopes as atoms of the 
                          same element which have the 
                          same proton number but a 
                          different nucleon number 
                      •  State the two types of isotopes 
                          as being radioactive and non-
                          radioactive 
                           
                  Understand that isotopes have the                   SUPPLEMENT                 S   
                  same properties because they have 
                  the same number of electrons in 
                  their outer shell  
                                                                                               
                 1                                                     ©EDUCATALYST2020 
                  
              2   IGCSE CHEMISTRY STUDY NOTES                        UNIT 3 ATOMS, ELEMENTS & COMPOUNDS 
                  
                      •  State one medical and one                    CORE                               C 
                          industrial use of radioactive 
                          isotopes 
                      •  Describe the build-up of 
                          electrons in ‘shells’ and 
                          understand the significance of 
                          the noble gas electronic 
                          structures and of the outer 
                          shell electrons. (The ideas of 
                          the distribution of electrons in 
                          s and p orbitals and in d block 
                          elements are not required.) 
                           
                                                                     
                                                                     
                                                                     
                                                                     
                                                                     
                                                                     
                                                                     
                                                                     
                                                                     
                 2                                                     ©EDUCATALYST2020 
                  
              3   IGCSE CHEMISTRY STUDY NOTES                        UNIT 3 ATOMS, ELEMENTS & COMPOUNDS 
                  
                                                                                                                                                  C 
                                                      Relative charge          Approximate relative mass 
                                        +
                            Proton, p                          1+                               1 
                                                                                                  
                                         –                                              1
                           Electron, e                         1–                              (negligible) 
                                                                                      1860
                                         0
                           Neutron, n                           0                               1 
                                                                                                  
                           
                  NOTE: 
                  For all practical calculations, the relative mass of an electron is assumed to 
                  be ZERO. 
                   
                  
                                                                                                                                                  C 
                  Proton number (atomic number, Z): 
                  The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom 
                   
                  Nucleon number (atomic mass number, A): 
                  The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom 
                   
                  Number of neutrons = Nucleon number – Proton number 
                   
                  In an atom, 
                  Number of protons = number of electrons 
                  Number of positive charges = number of negative charges 
                  An atom is therefore electrically neutral (no net charge). 
                   
                  Proton number / Atomic number is the basis of the modern periodic table. 
                  Elements are arranged in order of their increasing atomic number. 
                   
                   
                   
                 3                                                     ©EDUCATALYST2020 
                  
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...Igcse chemistry study notes unit atoms elements compounds atomic structure and the periodic table state relative charges core c approximate masses of protons neutrons electrons define proton number as in nucleus an atom nucleon mass total use simple to explain basis see section with special reference isotopes same element which have but a different two types being radioactive non understand that supplement s properties because they their outer shell educatalyst one medical industrial describe build up shells significance noble gas electronic structures ideas distribution p orbitals d block are not required charge electron e negligible neutron n note for all practical calculations is assumed be zero z positive negative therefore electrically neutral no net modern arranged order increasing...

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