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Understanding Your
School Leadership Series Scores 2021–22
The School Leadership Series is a program of Educational Testing superintendents, and other school leaders. They reflect the most
®
Service (E T S ). The School Leadership Series consists of the current research and the professional judgment and experience of
School Leaders Licensure Assessments (SLLA) (test code 6990), educators across the country, and are based on both a multistate
the School Superintendent Assessment (SSA) (6991), and the Con- job analysis study and a set of standards for school leaders,
necticut Administrator Test (6412). These tests were developed to specified by the Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium
provide a thorough, fair, and validated series of assessments for (ISLLC).
states to use as a part of the licensure process for principals,
I Frequently Asked Questions about School Leadership Series Scores
Q. Did I pass? A. Your score report contains information about your performance
A. Your Test Taker Score Report will indicate a PASSED or NOT on each section of the assessment. This information may help
PASSED status for your highest score on each test taken. Your you identify exercise types that offer the greatest opportunity to
highest test score will be compared to the passing score used by improve your scores. The School Leadership Series publishes a
the state in which the score recipient is located. Study Companion for each test, which contains sample exercises,
The passing scores used in the Test Taker Score Reports are the scoring guides, and scored responses. This information is available
passing scores in effect, according to our records, at the time the without charge and can be downloaded at www.ets.org/sls.
score reports are produced. To obtain the most recent information Each Study Companion also includes a summary of the Interstate
that E T S has regarding the passing score required by each of the School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISLLC) Standards for
participating states, visit the SLS website at www.ets.org/sls. School Leaders. The assessments are closely aligned with these
E T S does not set passing scores for the tests. Each state that Standards. To prepare specifically for the School Leaders
requires an SLS test sets its own passing score. If you have Licensure Assessment, you may find the School Leaders
additional questions regarding the establishment of passing Licensure Assessment Interactive Practice Test a valuable tool.
scores or want to verify passing scores, contact the appropriate The practice test contains practice questions with correct answers
state certification office directly. and detailed explanations that present the basis for each correct
answer. You may order the interactive Practice Test at www.ets.
Q. How long are my scores available for reporting? org/store. The best preparation for taking these assessments is
A. Your test scores are available for reporting for 10 years. Note: the knowledge and skills you gained in college or university
Some states require that test scores be earned within a specified courses related to educational leadership or educational
period of time. administration. This, coupled with your experience with school-
related situations, provides a base for answering the School
Q. Who receives a copy of my score report? Leadership Series Assessments exercises.
A. If you take an SLS test in Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Q. How can I send my scores to recipients other than those
District of Columbia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, listed on my score report?
Mississippi, Nebraska, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, A. Log into your account at www.ets.org/sls and click “Order
South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, or Virginia, your score Additional Score Reports” or download and complete the
is automatically reported to the state department of education. Additional Score Report Request Form at www.ets.org/sls and
Additional situations under which scores are reported are listed mail it with the appropriate fee to the address listed on the form.
in the School Leadership Series Information Bulletin. Aside from
these, your scores will be sent only to you and the valid recipient Q. Can I have my score reviewed?
institutions or agencies you designate to receive your scores. A. Yes. The School Leadership Series score review service is
Q. I need to take the test again. What should I study to described online at www.ets.org/sls or in the School Leadership
improve my score? Series Information Bulletin.
II How the Assessments Are Scored
School Leaders Licensure Assessment a third scorer, whose rating is used to resolve the discrepancy. Under
The School Leaders Licensure Assessment (test code 6990) is based normal circumstances, each question is scored by a different pair of
on Professional Standards for Educational Leaders. The test is scorers, so that many different scorers participate in the scoring of
divided into two separately timed sections. The first section (2 hours your test.
45 minutes) consists of 120 selected-response questions. The second Your total raw score for the assessment is the sum of the number of
section (1 hour 15 minutes) consists of four constructed-response correct responses in the selected-response section plus a weighted
questions calling for written answers based on scenarios and sets sum of your scores on the constructed-response section, rounded to
of documents that an education leader might encounter. Each the nearest whole number. The scoring weights are determined so
constructed-response question is rated independently by two scorers; that the selected-response section accounts for 75 percent of the
your score for the question is the sum of their ratings. If the two maximum possible total score, and the constructed-response section
ratings disagree by more than one point, your response is rated by accounts for 30 percent.
Copyright © 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved.
ETS, the ETS logo and MEASURING THE POWER OF LEARNING are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service (E T S) in the United States and other countries.
Scores for the assessment are reported on a scale that ranges from discrepancy. Under normal circumstances, each question is scored
100 to 200. Your reported score (scaled score) is computed from your by a different pair of scorers, so that many different scorers participate
raw score and includes a statistical adjustment to compensate for in the scoring of your test.
differences in difficulty between alternate editions of the assessment. Your total raw score for the assessment is the sum of the number of
School Superintendent Assessment correct responses in the selected-response section plus a weighted
sum of your scores on the constructed-response section, rounded to
The School Superintendent Assessment (test code 6991) is aligned the nearest whole number.
with two standards: the 2015 Professional Standards for Educa- Scores for the assessment are reported on a scale that ranges from
tional Leaders (PSEL), developed by the National Policy Board for 100 to 200. Your reported score (scaled score) is computed from your
Educational Administration (NPBEA); and the National raw score and includes a statistical adjustment to compensate for
Educational Leadership Preparation (NELP) standards. The PSEL differences in difficulty between alternate editions of the assessment.
standards were previously known as the Interstate School Leaders Connecticut Administrator Test
Licensure Consortium (ISLLC) Standards, while the NELP standards
were formerly known as the Educational Leadership Constituent The Connecticut Administrator Test consists of 120 selected-response
Council (ELCC) standards. questions, which are scored as either correct or incorrect.
The test consists of 120 selected-response questions, which are scored Scores for this assessment are reported on a scale that ranges from
as either correct or incorrect, and 3 constructed-response questions. 100 to 200. Your reported score (scaled score) is computed from
Your response to each constructed-response question is rated inde - your raw score and includes a statistical adjustment to compensate
pendently by two scorers; your score for the question is the sum of for differences in difficulty between alternate editions of the test.
their ratings. If the two ratings disagree by more than one point, your
response is rated by a third scorer, whose rating is used to resolve the
III Glossary of Terms
Average Performance Range — The range of scaled scores earned Standard Error of Measurement — A statistic that is often used
by the middle 50 percent of the test takers taking the test. It provides to describe the reliability of the scores of a group of test takers. A
an indication of the difficulty of the test. test taker’s score on a single edition of a test will differ somewhat
Decision Reliability — The tendency of pass/fail decisions made from the score the test taker would get on a different edition of the
on the basis of test takers’ test scores to be consistent from one test. The more consistent the scores from one edition of the test to
edition of the test to another. E T S computes decision reliability another, the smaller the standard error of measurement. If a large
statistics for a number of different combinations of test taker groups number of test takers take a test for which the standard error of
and passing scores. measurement is 6 points, about two-thirds of the test takers will
Median — The score that separates the upper half of the test takers receive scores within 6 points of the scores that they would get by
from the lower half. averaging over many editions of the test. The standard error of
Passing Score — A qualifying score for a single test that is set by measurement can be estimated from test takers’ responses to
the state. exercises of the same type within a single edition of the test.
Possible Score Range — The lowest to the highest scaled score Standard Error of Scoring — This statistic describes the extent
possible on any edition of the test. to which different scorers tend to assign different ratings to the same
response. The more consistent the scoring process, the smaller the
Raw Points — On the School Leaders Licensure Assessment and standard error of scoring. If a large number of test takers take a test
School Superintendent Assessment, the raw points refer to the ratings for which the standard error of scoring is 4 points, about two-thirds
assigned by the scorers. Raw points are not adjusted for differences of the test takers will receive scores that are within 4 points of the
in the difficulty of the test questions. scores they would receive if their responses were scored by all pos-
Reliability — The tendency of individual scores to be consistent sible scorers. The standard error of scoring for the School Leadership
from one edition of the test to another. Series can be computed from the two ratings of test takers’
Scaled Score — The reported score that determines whether a test responses to exercises from a single administration of the test.
taker has passed the test. Scaled scores are derived from raw scores Validity — The extent to which test scores actually reflect what
and take into account the difficulty of the test form administered. they are intended to measure.
Score Interval — The number of points separating the possible
score levels. If the score interval is 10, only scores divisible by 10
are possible.
IV Summary Statistics
Average Standard Standard
Possible Score Number of Performance Error of Error of
Test Name (Test Code) Score Range Interval Test Takers Median Range Measurement Scoring
Connecticut Administrator Test (6412) 100–200 1 1,224 172 164–178 5.68 0.00
School Leaders Licensure Assessment (6990) 100–200 1 10,986 171 162–178 5.16 1.90
School Superintendent Assessment (6991) 100–200 1 1,044 173 164–180 c c
Note: Section III, Glossary of Terms, provides definitions for the statistical categories provided. In Section IV, Summary Statistics, the “Number
of Test Takers,” “Median,” and “Average Performance Range” were calculated from the records of test takers who took the tests between August
2018 and July 2021. If a test taker took the test more than once in this period, only the most recent score was used. The “Median” and “Average
Performance Range” for all tests were calculated on test takers who were college seniors, college graduates, graduate students, or holders of
master’s or doctoral degrees.
148205-15884 Y1121E.1 Printed in U.S.A.
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