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picture1_Ada Diabetic Diet Pdf 138056 | E2 Stanley Translating Nutrition Guidelines


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File: Ada Diabetic Diet Pdf 138056 | E2 Stanley Translating Nutrition Guidelines
5 16 2018 translating nutrition guidelines for primary care visits objectives primary care staff providers will be able to identify 3 reliable evidenced based nutrition resources on diabetes prediabetes medical ...

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                                                                                                                                                                                                               5/16/2018
                               Translating Nutrition 
                               Guidelines 
                               For primary care visits
                           Objectives
                           • Primary care staff/providers will be able to identify 3 reliable 
                             evidenced based nutrition resources on 
                             diabetes/prediabetes medical nutrition therapy principles.
                           • Primary care staff/providers can discuss current issues and 
                             fad diet therapy in diabetes medical nutrition therapy.
                           • Primary care staff/providers can identify when to refer 
                             patients for RDN consultation.
                           What is a “Diabetic Diet”
                           • For patients, it is often what they have last heard from 
                             family, friends, hair salon, or seen on the internet.  Ask how 
                             they define it.
                           • There is no “1 size fits all” medical nutrition therapy plan 
                             (MNT) for diabetes
                              – Based on individualized assessment
                              – Needs to meet basic nutritional needs as well as treatment goals
                              – Must include preferences, available resources & cultural influences
                              – Must maintain the pleasure of eating 
                                                    ADA Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes, 3rd Edition, Evert & Franz Editors, 2017; Newsflash DCE 2018 vol 39(1)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            5/16/2018
                                ADA
                                   • “…healthy eating can be defined as pattern of 
                                    eating a wide variety of high‐quality, nutrient‐
                                           dense foods in quantities that promote 
                                                   optimal health and wellness.”
                                Why?
                                • Effectiveness of MNT –Sample of the literature
                        Source      # Studies Type         MNT              A1c          Wt           Lipid        BP
                                                           interventions    reduction reduction reduction reduction
                        AND         N=18 (T2) RCTand  Energy                T2:          T2:          T2:          T2:
                        Evidence  N=3 (T1)      non‐       reduction,       3 mos: 0.3‐ 3 mos: 2.4‐ LDL:  8‐22     DBP:3.2‐
                        Analysis                RCT        nutrient         2%           6.4 kg       mg/dl        2.5 mmHg
                        Library,                trials     controlled, 
                        2015                               education,       12 mos:      6mos:        TG: 15‐153   SBP:
                                                           MNT methods      0.6‐1.8%     1.4‐6.2 kg   mg/dl        5.3‐9 mm 
                                                                                                                   Hg
                                                                            T1:          12mos: 2.4 
                                                                            6 mos: 1.0‐  kg
                                                                            1.9%
                                                                                 ADA Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes, 3rd Edition, Evert & Franz Editors, 2017
                                   “You get immediate benefits from 
                                   eating healthy foods and 
                                   exercising…and you get long‐term 
                                   benefits”
                                   ‐ Martha Morris (Rush Univ Med Ctr)
                                                                                                              LA Times, 12/20/17, online edition
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    5/16/2018
                                   “One should eat to live, not live to eat”
                                   ‐Benjamin Franklin
                           Terminology
                      Not                 Possibleinterpretation               Recommended
                      recommended
                      Diet                Perceived that you have to restrict  Meal plan, food plan
                                          yourself, or you are overweight
                      Non‐compliant       Failure                              Involvement
                      Adhere              Obedient                             Participates
                      Diabetic            Labeled                              Personwith diabetes 
                                                                               (PWD)
                                                              Diabetes Spectrum, vol 31(1):59‐64, Winter 2018; 2017 AADE Media Guide:  The Power of Language
                           Highlights 
                           • No ideal distribution of macronutrients has been identified
                           • Based on individual assessment
                           • Institute of Medicine (HMDNAM) Dietary Reference 
                              Intakes:
                               – Carbohydrate 45‐65% of total calories
                               – Protein 10‐35% of total calories
                               – Fat 20‐35% of total calories
                                                                ADA Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes, 3rd Edition, Evert & Franz Editors, 2017
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5/16/2018
                               What is reality?  
                                                  DRI           NHANESfood frequency survey, 
                                                                respondents with T2 DM
                                       Carb       45‐65%        43%
                                       Pro        10‐35%        16‐18%
                                       Fat        20‐35%        36‐40%
                                                       *The frozen dessert theory*
                                                                        ADA Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes, 3rd Edition, Evert & Franz Editors, 2017
                               Reviews
                               • Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for 
                                 Americans Advisory Committee –not necessary to eliminate 
                                 food groups or adhere to a single dietary pattern of eating
                               • 2013 ‐Am J Clinic Nutrition: There may be a range of 
                                 beneficial dietary options for people with Type 2 diabetes:
                                   ‐Mediterranean approach of 35‐55% carbohydrate was found to show 
                                   improvement for CVD risk, and had the largest improvement in 
                                   glucose management
                                                                        ADA Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes, 3rd Edition, Evert & Franz Editors, 2017
                               Carbohydrates
                     • DRIs set a recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for carbohydrate of at least 
                        130 g/d for adults and children
                     • Definitions (not consistent)
                         – High carbohydrate diet:  >55% of total calories
                         – Low carbohydrate diet: <25% of total calories (<130 g/d)
                         limited research on %
                         make sure nutritional needs are met
                         for diabetes MNT monitoring ingested carbohydrate (“carb counting”) due to the effects on 
                            insulin utilization/post‐prandial glucose levels has benefits, especially those using bolus 
                            insulin regimes
                         don’t forget to evaluate other macronutrients / micronutrients
                                                                        ADA Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes, 3rd Edition, 
                                                                        Evert & Franz Editors, Mac Leod, Franz, Handu, et all, 2017; AND 2017; 117(10):1637‐1658.
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