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Contents Student Notes:
1. Ethics and Human Interface ....................................................................................................... 2
2. Aptitude ................................................................................................................................... 12
3. Attitude and Behaviour ............................................................................................................ 30
4. Tolerance and Compassion towards the weaker-sections. ...................................................... 41
5. Foundational Values of Civil Services ....................................................................................... 52
6. Emotional Intelligence ............................................................................................................. 65
7. Ethics in Public Administration ................................................................................................. 76
8. Medical Ethics .......................................................................................................................... 93
9. Environmental Ethics .............................................................................................................. 107
10. Probity in Governance .......................................................................................................... 117
11. Ethical Issues in International Relations and Funding .......................................................... 126
12. Corporate Governance ......................................................................................................... 130
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DELHI JAIPUR PUNE HYDERABAD AHMEDABAD LUCKNOW CHANDIGARH
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1. Ethics and Human Interface Student Notes:
1. You are an officer in the Labour department. You went to your brother’s wedding and
saw that minors were employed by the wedding band company to carry their electric
instruments. You know that it is an unlawful activity and it is your responsibility to
take action against it. However, since it is a family wedding so they have asked you to
look the other way. Some of the options available to you to handle this situation are
as follows:
1. You will not take any action as this could be seen by the others as a deliberate
action to spoil the wedding.
2. You will act strictly and remove them from the wedding and file a case against
the band company.
3. You will talk to the band personal and give a notice to them that they should not
employ any minor children after this marriage. Suggest any other possible option.
Evaluate all of them and suggest the best course of action, giving your reason for it.
Approach:
The answer should bring out ethical dilemma involved in this situation and you should
weigh the given options based on various ethical approaches.
• Bring out the key facts of the case and identify the key dilemma involved.
• Evaluate the merits and demerits of the given options.
• Suggest the best possible solution without compromising the ethical values.
Answer:
This situation can be described as an ethical dilemma in which personal vs professional
ethics are at conflict. The interest of the minor children, who are being forced one way
or the other to work instead of attending school, is also in question.
In this context, here is the evaluation of given options:
• By not taking any action I will not be following rule of law as an officer of
Government. My family will be happy as I have looked the other way and wedding
happened without any disturbance. Though by not taking any action I will be
evading my duty that is bestowed upon me by Government and it will become a
crises of Conscience for me.
• As per the second option, law will prevail and Band Company using minor will be
held accountable. This action will contribute to the work culture by setting an
example for others to follow. This option serve as an example of Deontological
Ethics as I will be following Ethical means . One of the undesirable consequences of
My action will be that it will lead to a disturbance in the wedding programme and
may become a personal crises. By following this ethical path will also generate an
inner conflict as it will not serve as a holistic solution for the problem.
• This option is an example of following Teleological or Utilitarian ethics as unethical
means are used to lead to a desired end. By following this option, I will not be
disrupting the wedding by taking action straight away. In a way I will not be fulfilling
my duty and compromising with my integrity. As a government official, I should
fulfil my duty impartially and objectively. I should not give minor lapses while doing
my official duty as it is a first step towards moral corruption.
Now if we look closely to all the options, only option 2 is in the right direction. I will
suggest some changes to make it a holistic solution. Before taking strict action against
the Band Company I should take my family in confidence about my decision. I will
ensure that an alternate Band Company is called which doesn’t employ minors so that
DELHI JAIPUR PUNE HYDERABAD AHMEDABAD LUCKNOW CHANDIGARH
2 www.visionias.in # 8468022022 ©Vision IAS
marriage function is not disturbed. By doing this I will be serving my official duty and Student Notes:
also ensuring that it doesn’t lead to any problem in wedding function.
At the same time, I will enquire about the children's families and ensure that they are
referred to the relevant department of social welfare, which can take care of their
education. Also, it will be pertinent to counsel their parents that education as well as
meals are free in the government school, and that their children have the potential to
be so much more than just day-labourers, with the right education.
2. You are posted as a DM in a district. You come to know that a newly appointed BDO is
making commissions from developmental activities being carried out. Before taking
action, you plan to do some background check and come to know that this BDO is
from a very humble background and his relations are dependent on him. Moreover,
he is funding the education of their children. You also come to know that this BDO is
pro-poor and has implemented all BPL schemes with efficiency, wherever posted.
Keeping these facts in mind, what would be your course of action?
Answer:
• As a DM its your responsibility to maintain transparency and service orientation in
administration of district.
• You need to hold a in-house inquiry to check the authenticity of information.
• If the complaint holds true then it becomes your responsibility to hold the BDO
accountable for his actions.
• In a public organization, means should justify ends; unfair means could never bring
welfare.
• Moreover in future if through RTI or through Media such information is disclosed or
comes in public, it will lead to distrust among public towards action of the
administration.
3. ‘Honour killing’ has been in news in recent times. It involves the homicide of a
member of a family by other members, due to the perpetrators' belief that the victim
has brought shame or dishonour upon the family. Analyse this problem in detail and
indicate not only the social but also the emotional and attitudinal factors responsible
for this problem? Also, distinctly bring out why:
(a) The youth in such areas do not speak up against these practices.
(b) The conviction rate in ‘honour killing’ cases is extremely low.
(c) Women, who have to face the brunt of this crime the most, do not speak against
it collectively.
Discuss some feasible steps, which could be effective in controlling this serious
problem.
Approach:
The answer must analyze various aspects of the problem of honour killing- social,
emotional and attitudinal. While explaining this problem, the second part of the
question should be simultaneously dealt with. Finally, suggest some practical and
relevant suggestions to overcome these problems. Supreme Court's observations can
also be cited here.
Answer:
Many experts believe that there are about 1000 honour killings a year in India. It is
mainly women who are the victims of honour killing.Violation of the local cultural
DELHI JAIPUR PUNE HYDERABAD AHMEDABAD LUCKNOW CHANDIGARH
3 www.visionias.in # 8468022022 ©Vision IAS
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