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File: Polish Relative Clause Structure
adam szczegielniak 2 raising analysis kayne 1994 sauerland 1998 warsaw university harvard university adam s post harvard edu linguistics brown bag lunch nyu april 02 head noun rc polish relative ...

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              Adam Szczegielniak                                                                     2. Raising analysis (Kayne 1994, Sauerland 1998) 
              Warsaw University/Harvard University                                                    
              adam.s@post.harvard.edu                                                                 
              Linguistics Brown Bag Lunch NYU, April 02                                              Head Noun [  co/čto … HN…] 
                                                                                                                   RC
                                                                                                      
                                    Polish Relative Clause Structure                                 HN, λx SU [  V [x, HN]] 
                                                                                                                   VP
                                                                                                      
              1. Relative clause formation                                                            
                                                                                                      
              This talk will argue for a derivation of relative clauses along the lines               
              proposed in Cinque (2008).                                                             - Który/kotoryi relative clauses are generated via operator movement and 
                                                                                                     adjunction to the head noun. (Matching analysis, Sauerland 1998).  
              1.                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                     3. Head Noun [  który/kotoryi HN’… który/kotoryi HN’ …] 
                                                                                                                      RC
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                     HN, λx SU [  V [x]] 
                                                                                                                   VP
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                     2. Two types of relative clauses in Polish 
                                                                                                       
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                     4.       a.       Co/čto relative clauses are generated via head  
                                                                                                                       noun movement (Raising analysis, Kayne 1994, 
                                                                                                                       Sauerland 1998). There are no null operators. 
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                              b.       Który/kotoryi relative clauses are generated via 
                                                                                                                       Matching analysis, Sauerland 1998). 
              The derivation in (1) is an attempt to unify RC structure and Adjectival                
              modification. Moreover, it aims at providing a single structure for both                
              matching and raising analyses.                                                          
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                                                                  1 
               
             2.1 Idiom readings                                                                
                                                                                             Same determiners restrict degree readings and Idiom split-up 
             Vergnaud (1974) observed that idiom chunks can be relativized. Carlson           
             (1977) noted asymmetries in Idiom relativization between the relative            
             operator and a complementizer:                                                  9.      a.      The/all/that/what headway that John made was  
                                                                                                             impressive 
             5.      The headway *which/that John made was enormous                                           
                                                                                                     *b      Some/much/most/little/this headway that John made was  
             Polish and Russian behave in the same fashion:                                                  impressive. 
                                                                                              
                                                                                             10.     It will take us the rest of our long lives to drink the/*much 
             6.      a.      Słów co on nie rzucał na wiatr                                          champagne that they spilled that evening 
                             words that he not throw on wind                                  
                             ‘Empty promises that he did not make’                            
                                                                                             11.     ??a.    Całe życie nam zajmie wypić ten szampan,    który  
                     ??b.    Słów których on nie rzucał na wiatr                                             whole life     us    take drink  this champagne which 
                             words which he not throw on wind                                                oni   rozlali dziś  
                             ‘Empty promises that he did not make’                                           they spilled today 
                                                                                                             ‘It will take us our whole life to drink all the champagne 
             7.      a.      Slov čto on ne brosal na veter                                                  that the spilled today’ 
                             words that he not throw on wind                                  
                             ‘Empty promises that he did not make’                                   b.      Całe życie nam zajmie wypić ten szampan,    co 
                                                                                                             whole life     us    take drink  this champagne that  
                     ??b.    Slov kotoryh on ne brosal na veter                                              oni rozlali dziś  
                             words which he not throw on wind                                                they spilled today 
                             ‘Empty promises that he did not make’                                           ‘It will take us our whole life to drink all the champagne 
                                                                                                             that the spilled today’ 
             The assumption is that a movement chain allows for reconstruction to the         
             copy position thus retaining an idiomatic reading.                              12.     a.      Nam potrebuetsia tselaja žizn’, čtoby vypit’  to  
                                                                                                             Us     take            whole life     that   drink    that 
                                                                                                             shampanskoe, čto oni razlili etim večerom 
             1.3 Degree/Amount readings                                                                      champagne     that they spilled this evening 
                                                                                                             ‘It will take us our whole life to drink all the champagne 
             Degree/amount readings are possible with relative clauses that are                              that they spilled this evening’ 
             derived via head noun raising (Schachter 1973, Carlson 1977, Heim 1981           
             and others).                                                                             
                                                                                              
             8.      It will take us the rest of our long lives to drink the champagne        
                     that/Ø/*which they spilled that evening                                  
                                                                                                                                                                   2 
              
                      *b.      Nam potrebuetsia tselaja žizn’, čtoby vypit’ to                      
                               Us    take             whole life       that  drink  that           16.     *a.     Maša, čto kupila radio pošla domoj 
                               shampanskoe, kotoroe oni razlili  etim večerom.                                     Mary      that bought radio went home 
                               champagne    which    they spilled this evening                                     ‘Mary, who bought a radio, went home’ 
                               ‘It will take us our whole life to drink all the champagne           
                               that they spilled this evening’                                             b.      Masha, kotoraja kupila radio pošla domoj                     
                                                                                                                   Mary      who         bought radio went home 
              If we insert resumptive pronoun, no more degree/amount reading                                       ‘Mary, who bought a radio, went home’ 
                                                                                                    
              13      ??a.     Całe życie   nam zajmie wypić ten szampan,     co                   (See Del Gobbo, 2003) 
                               whole life     us    take    drink  this champagne that              
                               ja wiem że go oni rozlali dziś                                      Evidence that co/čto relative clause must be generated via head noun 
                               I know that it they spilled today                                   movement. (see also Aoun & Li 2003). 
                               ‘It will take us our whole life to drink all the champagne           
                               that I know that they spilled today’                                1.5 Condition-C 
                                                                                                    
                                                                                                   17.     *a.     [Którą koleżankę Janka] Maria  chce by     on poznał t  
                                                                                                                                            i 1                     i        1
                      ??b.     U nas zajmiot tseluju zhizn' vypit' vsio shampanskoe čto                            Which  friend     John’s     Mary wants that  he meet 
                                                                                                                                            i                       i
                               Us-gen take whole life drink         all champagne that                             ‘Which friend of John’s Mary wants him to meet?’ 
                               ja znaju čto oni prolili ego segodnia                                
                               I know that they spilled it   today                                         *b.     [Kakogo druga Vani]  Maria hochet čtoby on uvidel t
                                                                                                                                         i 1                       i        1 
                               ‘It will take us our whole life to drink all the champagne                          Which friend Vani-gen Maria wants that he see? 
                               that I know that they spilled today’                                                ‘Which friend of Vania’s Mary wants him to see?’ 
                                                                                                    
              but see Herdan (2008) for a different approach.                                      18.     ??a.    Znam koleżankę Janka1 co on1 powiedział że chce  
                                                                                                                   Know friend(fem) John  that he  said        that wants  
                                                                                                                                            1       1
              1.4 Appositive vs. restrictive readings                                                              polubić 
                                                                                                                    like 
              14.     a.       Mary, who you know, came to the party                                               ‘I know a friend of John that he said that he wants to 
                                                                                                                   like’ 
                      *b.      Mary, that you know, came to the party                                               
                                                                                                           ?b.     Znam koleżankę Janka  którą on  powiedział że chce  
                                                                                                                                           1          1
              15.     *a.      Maria, co Marek pocałował poszła do domu                                            Know friend(fem) John  who he  said             that wants  
                                                                                                                                            1        1
                               Mary that Mark  kissed        went   to  home                                       polubić 
                               ‘Mary, who Mark kissed, went home’                                                  like 
                                                                                                                   ‘I know a friend of John that he said that he wants to 
                      b.       Maria, którą Marek pocałował poszla do domu                                         like’ 
                               Mary who      Mark kissed            went to  home                   
                               ‘Mary, who Mark kissed, went home’                                   
                                                                                                                                                                              3 
               
               19.       ??a.     Ja znaju podrugu Ivana1 čto on1 skazal čto hočet                           2. Bare - VP Ellipsis or ACD Sluices 
                                  I know friend(fem) Ivan1 that he1 said    that   wants                      
                                  priglasit’                                                                 In Szczegielniak (2004) and Craenenbroeck & Liptak (2006, 2009) ACD 
                                  invite                                                                     like construction that looks more like sluicing:  
                                  ‘I know a friend of Ivan that he said he wants to invite’                   
                                                                                                             23.    a.      Kornél  AZT  A   LÁNYT hívta   meg,  akit   ZOLTÁN.  
                         b.       Ja znaju podrugu Ivana1 kotoruju on1 skazal, čto hočet                                    Kornél  that-A  the  girl-A invited  PV  who-A   Zoltán  
                                  I know friend-fem Ivan   who          he  said    that  wants                             'The girl who Kornél invited was the one who Zoltán did.' 
                                                             1                1
                                  priglasit’                                                                   
                                  invite                                                                     b. Kornél  AZT  A   LÁNYT hívta   meg,  akit   ZOLTÁN  hıvott  
                                  ‘I know a friend of Ivan who he said he wants to invite’                   Kornél  that-A  the  girl-A invited  PV  who-A Zoltán invited 
                                                                                                             meg/*meghıvott.  
                                                                                                              pv/ pv-invited 
                                                                                                               'The girl who Kornél invited was the one who Zoltán did.'  
               1.6 Recap                                                                                      
                                                                                                             24.                Bare VP ellipsis where only the subject is  
               I have shown that relative clause formation is along the proposals in (5).                                       not elided, is carried out via Focusing the Subject 
                                                                                                                                Gengel (2007),  Craenenbroeck & Liptak (2006, 2009), 
               - Co/čto relative clauses are generated via head noun movement                                                   but see Baltin (2003) 
                                                                                                              
               21. Raising analysis (Sauerland 1998)                                                         25.      a         Ja przeczytałem każdą książkę co ty 
                                                                                                                                I read every book that you 
                                                                                                                                ‘I read every book that you did’ 
               Head Noun [  co/čto … HN…]                                                                     
                              RC                                                                                      *b.       Ja przeczytałem każdą książkę którą ty 
                
               HN, λx SU [  V [x, HN]]                                                                                          I read                   every book which  you 
                              VP                                                                                                ‘I read every book which you did’ 
                
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                      c.        Ja będę czytał każdą książkę co/którą ty będziesz 
                                                                                                                                I will     read every book       that/which you will 
               - Który/kotoryi relative clauses are generated via operator movement and                                         ‘I will read every book that you will’ 
               adjunction to the head noun. (Matching analysis, Sauerland 1998).                              
                                                                                                             26.      a.        Ja pročital každuju knigu čto ty 
                                                                                                                                I read        every book    that you 
               22. Head Noun[  który/kotoryi HN’… który/kotoryi HN’ …]                                                          ‘I read every book that you did’ 
                                  RC                                                                          
                
               HN, λx SU [  V [x]]                                                                                    *b.       Ja pročital každuju knigu kotoruju ty 
                              VP                                                                                                I read        every book    which      you 
                                                                                                                                ‘I read every book that you did’ 
                
                                                                                                                                                                                                4 
                
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...Adam szczegielniak raising analysis kayne sauerland warsaw university harvard s post edu linguistics brown bag lunch nyu april head noun rc polish relative clause structure hn x su vp formation this talk will argue for a derivation of clauses along the lines proposed in cinque ktory kotoryi are generated via operator movement and adjunction to matching two types co there no null operators b is an attempt unify adjectival modification moreover it aims at providing single both analyses idiom readings same determiners restrict degree split up vergnaud observed that chunks can be relativized carlson noted asymmetries relativization between complementizer all what headway john made was impressive which enormous some much most little russian behave fashion take us rest our long lives drink sow on nie rzuca na wiatr champagne they spilled evening words he not throw wind empty promises did make cae ycie nam zajmie wypi ten szampan ktorych whole life oni rozlali dzi today slov ne brosal veter k...

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