Filetype PDF | Posted on 22 Sep 2022 | 3 years ago
Authentication
digital resources
183x Filetype PDF File size 3.20 MB Source: perseids-publications.github.io
Synopsis of
Ancient Latin Grammar
J. Matthew Harrington Ph.D.
Tufts University – Department of Classics
© August 2016 - Version 3.0
Section I: Writing Systems and Pronunciation
1.1 Writing Systems 1
1.2 Vocalic Phonemes 2
1.3 Consonantal Phonemes 2
1.4 Chart of Phonemes and Symbols in Classical Latin 3
1.5 Aspiration 3
1.6 Conditioned Sound Change 3
1.7 Syllabification 4
1.8 Quantity 4
1.9 Accent 5
1.10 Elision 5
1.11 Proto-Indo-European (PIE) 5
1.12 Latin Dialects 5
st
1.13 Educated Latin Pronunciation in the Early 1 Century CE 8
1.14 Vulgar and Late Latin Pronunciation 9
Section II: Case and Syntactic Function
2.1 Syntax 10
2.2 Semantic Word Order 10
2.3 Case and Morpho-Syntax 11
2.4 Adjectival Modification 12
2.5 Nominative 12
2.6 Genitive 12
2.7 Dative 14
2.8 Accusative 16
2.9 Ablative 19
2.10 Vocative 21
2.11 Locative 22
2.12 The Four Forms of Agreement 23
Section III: Mood and Subordination
3.1 Coordination/Subordination 24
3.2 Syntax of Verbal Forms 24
3.3 Independent Subjunctive Usages 25
A. Hortatory Subjunctive 25
B. Deliberative Subjunctive 25
C. Potential Subjunctive 25
D. Optative Subjunctive 25
3.4 Dependent Usages 25
I. ADJECTIVAL CLAUSES 26
A. Relative Clause 26
B. Relative Clause of Characteristic 26
C. Relative Clause in Indirect Statement 26
II. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES 26
A. Purpose Clause 27
B. Result Clause 27
i
C. Consecutive Clause 28
D. Conditional Constructions 28
E. Temporal Clause 29
F. Circumstantial Clause 30
G. Causal Clause 30
H. Concessive Clause 31
I. Clause of Comparison 32
J. Proviso Clause 32
K. Adverbial Relative Clauses 32
1. Relative Clause of Purpose 32
2. Relative Clause of Result 32
3. Conditional Relative Clause 33
L. Prepositional Phrase 33
III. NOMINAL CLAUSES 34
A. Substantive Noun Clause 34
B. Fear Clause 34
C. Indirect Question 35
D. Indirect Statement 35
E. Direct Statement 36
3.5 Syntax of the Participle 36
A. Temporal Circumstantial Participle 36
B. Causal Circumstantial Participle 36
C. Concessive Circumstantial Participle 36
D. Conditional Circumstantial Participle 36
E. Ablative Absolute 37
3.6 Syntax of the Infinitive 37
A. Complimentary Infinitive 36
B. Historical Infinitive 36
C. Explanatory (Epexegetical) Infinitive 36
D. Infinitive of Purpose 36
E. Infinitive Subject 37
3.7 List of Subordinate Usages 37
Section IV: Principal Parts and their Derivatives
4.1 Verbal Morphology 39
4.2 Verb Formation 39
4.3 Verb Endings 40
4.4 Linguistic Change and Variation in Verbal Forms 40
4.5 [ esse ] 42
4.6 Verbal Forms 42
4.7 Perfect Active System 44
4.8 Thematic Verbs - [ amāre ] 45
st
A. 1 Principal Part - Thematic 45
nd
B. 2 Principal Part - Thematic 45
rd
C. 3 Principal Part - Thematic 47
th
D. 4 Principal Part - Thematic 48
ii
4.9 Athematic Verbs - [ ferre ] 50
st
A. 1 Principal Part - Athematic 50
nd
B. 2 Principal Part - Athematic 50
rd
C. 3 Principal Part - Athematic 52
th
D. 4 Principal Part - Athematic 52
Section V: Morphological Paradigms
5.1 Noun Paradigms 53
5.2 Adjective Paradigms 56
5.3 Adverb Formation 58
5.4 Pronoun Paradigms 59
5.5 Numeral Paradigms 61
5.6 Thematic Verbal Paradigms
st
A. 1 Conjugation Verbal Form - [ amāre ] 63
nd
B. 2 Conjugation Verbal Form - [ habēre ] 65
rd
C. 3 Conjugation Verbal Form - [ regere ] 67
rd
D. 3 -iō Conjugation Verbal Form - [ capere ] 69
th
E. 4 Conjugation Verbal Form - [ audīre ] 71
5.7 Athematic Verbal Paradigms
A. Athematic Verb “to be” - [ esse ] 73
B. Athematic Verb “to be able” - [ posse ] 74
C. Athematic Verb “to go” - [ īre ] 75
D. Athematic Verb “to want” - [ velle ] 76
E. Athematic Verb “to not want” - [ nōlle ] 77
F. Athematic Verb “to want more” - [ mālle ] 78
G. Athematic Verb “to carry” - [ ferre ] 79
H. Athematic Verb “to become” - [ fierī ] 81
I. Athematic Verb “to give” - [ dare ] 82
5.8 Defective Verbal Paradigms
A Defective Verb “I say” - [ inquam ] 84
B Defective Verb “I say” - [ āiō ] 85
C Defective Verb “to speak” - [ fārī ] 86
D Defective Verb “to be able” - [ quīre ] 87
E Defective Verb “to eat” - [ edere ] 88
5.9 Thematic Verbal Synopsis 89
5.10 Thematic Verb Synopses (6 person/number) 91
5.11 Thematic Verb Paradigms (by Tense) 97
Appendices
Appendix A Latin Poetic Meter 100
I Dactylic Meters 102
II Iambic and Trochaic Meters 102
III Aeolic Meters 106
Appendix B Proto-Indo-European Cases 108
Appendix C Glossary 109
iii
no reviews yet
Please Login to review.
