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ASIGN-BASEDPHRASE
STRUCTUREGRAMMAR
FORTURKISH
by
Onur Tolga S¸ehito˘glu
January, 1996
Middle East Technical University
ANKARA
In partial fullfilment of the requirements
for the degree of
Master of Science
in
The Department of Computer
Enginnering
Abstract
ASign-Based Phrase Structure Grammar for Turkish
S¸ehito˘glu, Onur Tolga
MS., Department of Computer Engineering
Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Cem Boz¸sahin
January 1996, 97 pages
This study analyses Turkish syntax from an informational point of view. Sign based
linguistic representation and principles of HPSG (Head-driven Phrase Structure Gram-
mar) theory are adapted to Turkish. The basic informational elements are nested and
inherently sorted feature structures called signs.
In the implementation, logic programming tool ALE —Attribute Logic Engine—
which is primarily designed for implementing HPSG grammars is used. A type and
structure hierarchy of Turkish language is designed. Syntactic phenomena such as sub-
categorization, relative clauses, constituent order variation, adjuncts, nominal predicates
and complement-modifier relations in Turkish are analyzed. A parser is designed and
implemented in ALE.
Keywords: syntax, Turkish Grammar, parsing, phrase structure
ii
¨
Oz
˙ ˙ ¨
Turk¸¨ ce I¸cin Im Temelli Obek Yapısal S¨ozdizimi
S¸ehito˘glu, Onur Tolga
Yuksek¨ Lisans, Bilgisayar Muhendisli˘¨ gi B¨olum¨ u¨
Tez y¨oneticisi: Yrd. Do¸c. Dr. Cem Boz¸sahin
Ocak 1996, 97 sayfa
Bu calı¸ ¸smada, Turk¸¨ ce s¨ozdizimi bilgiye dayalı bir bakı¸s a¸cısıyla de˘gerlendirilmi¸stir.
˙ ¨
Ime dayalı dilbilimsel g¨osterim ve HPSG ( Ba¸s-sur¨ uml¨ u¨ Obek Yapısal Dilbilim) ku-
ramı Turk¸¨ ce’ye uyarlanmı¸stır. HPSG, dildeki nesnelerin bilgisel i¸cerikleriyle g¨osterimine
dayananca˘¸ gda¸s bir s¨ozdizimi ve anlambilim kuramıdır. Temel bilgi o˘¨gesi im denilen i¸ci¸ce
ve kalıtsal turlendirilmi¨ ¸s ozellik¨ yapılarıdır.
Uygulamadamantıkprogramlamadiliolarakozellikle¨ HPSGuygulamalarıi¸cintasar-
lanmı¸s olan ALEkullanılmı¸stır. Turk¸¨ ce’deki dil o˘¨gelerinin bir tur¨ ve yapı tanımı yapılmı¸stır.
Altulamlama,yancumleler,¨ ob¨ eksırade˘gi¸simi, tumle¸¨ c-niteleyen ili¸skileri ve orta¸c yapıları
ALE’de calı¸ ¸san bir ayrı¸stırıcı ile tasarlanmı¸s ve uygulanmı¸stır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: s¨ozdizimi, Turk¸¨ ce Dilbilgisi, ayrı¸stırma, ob¨ ek yapısı
iii
Acknowledgments
¨ ˙
I would like to thank NATO TU-LANGUAGE and TUBITAK EEEAG-90 projects
for providing development environment and research materials. Hardware and software
resources of the laboratory established by NATO (LcsL) have been used in all stages of
the preperation of the thesis.
I would like to thank Dr. Cem Boz¸sahin and Elvan G¨o¸cmen for their contributions
with corrections, discussions and especially for Turkish syntax chapter.
Thanksare also due to all of the friends and family for their encouragement, support
and friendship during the preperation of the thesis.
iv
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